SCALE Overview
Developed as part of the broader Intersectional Discrimination Index (InDI), the InDI-D is an attribution-free measure grounded in intersectional frameworks and stigma theory that does not require respondents to ascribe incidents to any specific social identity category. Each item assesses perceived unfair treatment “because of who you are” on a four-point frequency scale (response options ranging from “never” to “yes, many times in the past year”), capturing both lifetime occurrence and recent frequency of day-to-day discrimination.
Initial validation studies support the InDI-D as a unidimensional scale with robust psychometric properties, and individuals with intersecting marginalized identities (e.g., racial/ethnic minorities, LGBTQ+ people, immigrants, or people experiencing homelessness) report higher InDI-D scores, demonstrating its sensitivity to intersectional stigma. As an integral component of the InDI, the day-to-day discrimination scale can be applied across diverse settings – including healthcare, employment, housing, education, and law enforcement – to assess the prevalence and impact of routine discrimination and to inform interventions addressing social inequities in populations with overlapping marginalized identities.
Associated Publications
The Intersectional Discrimination Index: Development and validation of measures of self-reported enacted and anticipated discrimination for intercategorical analysis (Science Direct)
SCALE Documentation
Please click on the below scale documentation to download a .pdf of the scale instrument in the selected language.
SCALE Overview
Intersectional Anticipated Discrimination Scale (InDI-A) is a validated 9-item self-report instrument that measures an individual’s expectation or fear of being treated unfairly – anticipated discrimination – across multiple life domains. It frames questions as concerns about experiencing discrimination “because of who I am,” allowing respondents to consider all aspects of their identity at once rather than attributing expected bias to any single factor (e.g., just race or gender). The InDI-A is grounded in intersectionality frameworks and stigma theory: it acknowledges that overlapping marginalized identities collectively shape one’s discrimination risks, and it treats anticipated discrimination as a distinct psychosocial stressor that can adversely affect health and well-being. Originally developed as part of the Intersectional Discrimination Index, the InDI-A can be applied to diverse populations (e.g. racial/ethnic and sexual/gender minorities, immigrants, people experiencing homelessness) to assess anticipated stigma in contexts such as healthcare, employment, housing, law enforcement, and other everyday settings.
Associated Publications
The Intersectional Discrimination Index: Development and validation of measures of self-reported enacted and anticipated discrimination for intercategorical analysis (Science Direct)
SCALE Documentation
Please click on the below scale documentation to download a .pdf of the scale instrument in the selected language.
